Parameters and Clinical Presentation
Heel pain is more aptly termed Calcaneodynial is an
extremely common complaint. The problem
can be as simple as a nail or foreign object in the shoe or as complicated as a
bone tumour.
All age groups can be affected, although heel pain is
rarely seen below age 8.
Onset can be insidious or rapid and the course may be
acute or chronic.
Symptoms can include pain located at the inferior aspect
of the heel either medial, central, or lateral, retro-calcaneally, surrounding
the plantar periphery, or radiating up the medial or lateral aspects of the
calcaneous.
Pain can be intense following rest or improved with
rest and becoming progressively worse with activity.
The range of pathological entities that can produce
heel pain is vast, and includes inflammatory and degenerative arthropathies,
metabolic disturbances, nerve entrapments, trauma, and overuse syndromes.
These underlying entities can be divided into two
basic etiologies, metabolic and mechanical.
Although heel complaints usually fall distinctly into
one of these two categories according to the clinical appearance and history,
it is certainly possible to find cases where both etiologies are present
simultaneously and the symptoms superimposed.
Plantar muscles can also contact and cause pain in the heel - the advice can involve contrast bathing and myofascial release treatment when appropriate
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